The total output energy reaches the peak at a certain mass of the corer head and then declines sharply while the energy conversion efficiency continues to increase monotonically. Based on the validated model, it is found that the hammering velocity increases with the weight of the corer head, but the hammering number declines. The model is validated through lab tests, and some important parameters are identified by the sea trial. Because the output energy of the motor is the kinetic energy that is derived from the hammering action of the corer head, the analytical model of motor during the hammering stroke is constructed and used to calculate the hammering velocity and the hammering number. Then, the paper emphasizes the energy performance evaluation of the motor in driving the sediment corer. The structure and working principles of the motor are briefly introduced together with its integration into a sediment corer. In this paper, the motor is employed in a seafloor sediment corer and drives the corer to operate as a pile-driver. The innovative motor uses seawater pressure energy, a green and renewable energy, to drive the underwater equipment. Some other notable fluid mechanics textbooks and several related sources (on asymptotic and perturbation methods, potential theory and hydrodynamic stability) are listed in the bibliography for this chapter. The chapter concludes with an optional (starred) section as an introduction to some simplified equations of motion in dynamical meteorology and oceanography, with some references for further reading. We then observe that the shear viscosity (whether large or small) must be included to account for the drag and enhanced vorticity in flow past an obstacle, and that perturbation or numerical methods are usually required since exact viscous solutions are rare. An ordering procedure establishes that the incompressibility assumption applies in any subsonic flow, and confirms the relevant Bernoulli equation for the pressure variation in the ideal model. First integrals of the inviscid equation of motion (known as Bernoulli equations), aspects of vorticity, and potential theory for incompressible irrotational flow are landmarks of the classical ideal theory. The inherent nonlinearity of this ideal model was addressed in remarkable ways by many famous mathematicians, who developed various concepts and results that still remain important. Although the classical ideal fluid model entirely neglects fluid viscosity, it nevertheless describes some features in certain realistic flows or flow regions, and it is often applicable to wave motion as discussed in the next chapter.
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